For project owners: fire safety duties and fines in Vietnam
For investors, factory owners and contractors new to Vietnamese fire law: what you must do on a project and the fine for not doing it.
Putting a building into use before completing the fire safety acceptance is fined VND 30–50 million for individuals and VND 60–100 million for companies. Missing a required fire alarm or suppression system: VND 40–50 million (companies 80–100 million) and possible suspension.
New from 15/09/2026 (Decree 347/2026/NĐ-CP)
- Police no longer inspect the acceptance; the owner organises it and is responsible.
- Acceptance results must be declared on the national fire safety database before operation.
- "Use before acceptance" now applies as soon as the owner has not completed acceptance, without waiting for an approval letter.
1Before construction: design, equipment
The fire safety design must be appraised before construction starts. Equipment must meet QCVN 10:2025/BCA.
| Duty | Basis | Fine (individual) | Fine (company) | Penalty clause |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obtain fire safety design appraisal before construction (for projects subject to appraisal) | Luật 55/2024/QH15; NĐ 105/2025/NĐ-CP | 20–25 mil. VND ⚠ | 40–50 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.18 k.2 |
| Install an automatic fire alarm system as required by QCVN 10:2025/BCAOperation may be suspended for a period | QCVN 10:2025/BCA | 40–50 mil. VND ⚠ | 80–100 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.20 k.9 a |
| Install fire suppression systems (sprinklers, hose reels…) as required by QCVN 10:2025/BCAOperation may be suspended for a period | QCVN 10:2025/BCA | 40–50 mil. VND ⚠ | 80–100 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.20 k.9 b |
| Provide portable extinguishers and basic firefighting equipment | QCVN 10:2025/BCA; TCVN 7435-1 | 3–5 mil. VND ⚠ | 6–10 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.20 k.2 |
2After construction: acceptance, putting into use
The owner organises the fire safety acceptance before use. From 15/09/2026 the results must be declared on the national fire safety database.
| Duty | Basis | Fine (individual) | Fine (company) | Penalty clause |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete the fire safety acceptance before putting the building into use | NĐ 105/2025/NĐ-CP (sđ NĐ 347/2026/NĐ-CP) | 30–50 mil. VND ⚠ | 60–100 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.18 k.3 (sđ NĐ 347/2026) |
| Do not use a building subject to appraisal without the fire design appraisal documentOperation may be suspended for a period | Luật 55/2024/QH15 | 40–50 mil. VND ⚠ | 80–100 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.18 k.4 (sđ NĐ 347/2026) |
| Declare acceptance results on the national fire safety database before operation (new from 15/09/2026) | NĐ 105/2025 Đ.12 k.1 đ (sđ NĐ 347/2026 Đ.16) | No specific fine found | — | — |
3In operation: maintenance, insurance, records
The head of the facility must keep systems working, buy insurance, keep records and a fire-fighting plan.
| Duty | Basis | Fine (individual) | Fine (company) | Penalty clause |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buy compulsory fire and explosion insurance (group 1 facilities) | Luật 55/2024/QH15; NĐ 105/2025/NĐ-CP | 40–50 mil. VND ⚠ | 80–100 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.17 k.4 a |
| Buy compulsory fire and explosion insurance (group 2 facilities) | Luật 55/2024/QH15; NĐ 105/2025/NĐ-CP | 30–40 mil. VND ⚠ | 60–80 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.17 k.3 |
| Keep fire alarm and suppression systems in working orderOperation may be suspended for a period | Luật 55/2024/QH15 | 40–50 mil. VND ⚠ | 80–100 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.21 k.6 a, b |
| Service fire alarm and suppression systems periodically | NĐ 105/2025/NĐ-CP | 10–20 mil. VND ⚠ | 20–40 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.22 k.3 |
| Maintain the escape routes of the buildingOperation may be suspended for a period | QCVN 06:2022/BXD | 40–50 mil. VND ⚠ | 80–100 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.24 k.5 a |
| Do not lock doors on escape routes | QCVN 06:2022/BXD | 10–15 mil. VND ⚠ | 20–30 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.24 k.3 b |
| Prepare the facility fire-fighting and rescue plan | Luật 55/2024/QH15 | 20–25 mil. VND ⚠ | 40–50 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.26 k.5 |
| Hold fire drills based on the plan | Luật 55/2024/QH15 | 15–20 mil. VND ⚠ | 30–40 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.26 k.4 |
| Keep fire safety and rescue records | NĐ 105/2025/NĐ-CP | 5–7 mil. VND ⚠ | 10–14 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.9 k.2 |
| Provide annual fire safety training for the in-house team | Luật 55/2024/QH15 | 4–6 mil. VND ⚠ | 8–12 mil. VND ⚠ | Đ.6 k.3 |
Fines in the table are for individuals; organisations committing the same act pay double (Decree 106/2025/NĐ-CP, Art. 4.1). Penalty clauses refer to Decree 106/2025/NĐ-CP. Decree 106/2025/NĐ-CP (fire safety penalties), Decree 347/2026/NĐ-CP (amendment, effective 15/09/2026), Law 55/2024/QH15, Decree 105/2025/NĐ-CP. Checked 26/10/2026 on thuvienphapluat.vn and luatvietnam.vn. ⚠ Check fines against the original text before citing. For reference only, not legal advice.
How Minh Tien helps
- Free online calculators to estimate systems and material quantities.
- Steel pipe, fittings, sprinklers, valves, pumps and fire alarm equipment with CO/CQ and inspection stamps for acceptance.
- Same-day quotes, delivery to site.
Frequently asked questions
What is the fine for using a factory before fire safety acceptance in Vietnam?
Under Art. 18.3 of Decree 106/2025/NĐ-CP (amended by Decree 347/2026/NĐ-CP, effective 15/09/2026): VND 30–50 million for individuals and VND 60–100 million for organisations, when a building with an appraised design is used before the acceptance is completed.
What is the fine for not buying compulsory fire insurance?
Group 1 facilities: VND 40–50 million (individual), 80–100 million (organisation). Group 2: VND 30–40 million (individual), 60–80 million (organisation). Art. 17, Decree 106/2025/NĐ-CP.
What if construction starts without fire design appraisal?
VND 20–25 million for individuals, 40–50 million for organisations (Art. 18.2, Decree 106/2025/NĐ-CP). Using the building without the appraisal document: VND 40–50 million (organisations 80–100 million) and possible suspension.